●Ka hana hana pepa pulp ʻohe
Mai ka holomua o ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻohe, ua puka mai nā kaʻina hana hou, nā ʻenehana a me nā huahana no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻohe ma hope o kekahi, kahi i hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ka waiwai hoʻohana o ka ʻohe. Ua uhaʻi ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana pulping mīkini o Kina ma o ke ʻano hana lima kuʻuna a ke hoʻololi nei i kahi kumu hoʻohālike hana ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana. ʻO nā kaʻina hana hana pulp ʻohe kaulana i kēia manawa he mechanical, kemikala a me ke kemikala mechanical. ʻO ka pulp ʻohe o Kina he kemikala ka hapa nui, e helu ana ma kahi o 70%; emi ka kemikala mechanical, emi ma mua o 30%; ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano mechanical e hana i ka pulp ʻohe i ke kahua hoʻokolohua, a ʻaʻohe hōʻike ʻoihana nui.
1. Ke ʻano hana pulping mechanical
ʻO ke ʻano hana pulping mechanical, ʻo ia ke wili ʻana i ka ʻohe i loko o nā olonā me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea kemika. Loaʻa iā ia nā pono o ka haumia haʻahaʻa, ka wikiwiki o ka pulping kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaʻina hana maʻalahi. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka kaohi haumia koʻikoʻi a me ka nele o nā kumuwaiwai pulp lāʻau ma ka ʻāina, ua mahalo mālie ʻia ka pulp ʻohe mechanical e ka poʻe.
ʻOiai he mau pono ko ka pulping mechanical o ka wikiwiki o ka pulping a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka haumia, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana pulping a me ka hana pepa o nā mea coniferous e like me ka spruce. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lignin, lehu, a me ka 1% NAOH extract i loko o ka hoʻohui kemika o ka ʻohe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka pulp a he paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i nā koi maikaʻi o ka pepa kalepa. He mea kākaʻikahi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana a ʻo ka hapa nui ma ke kahua o ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me ka ʻimi loea.
2. Ke ʻano hana pulping kemikala
Hoʻohana ke ʻano hana pulping kemika i ka ʻohe ma ke ʻano he mea maka a hoʻohana i ke ʻano sulfate a i ʻole ke ʻano sulfite e hana i ka pulp ʻohe. Kānana ʻia nā mea maka ʻohe, holoi ʻia, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia, kuke ʻia, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kānana ʻia, holoi ʻia me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe, kānana pani ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka oxygen, hoʻokeʻokeʻo a me nā hana ʻē aʻe e hana ai i ka pulp ʻohe. Hiki i ke ʻano hana pulping kemika ke pale i ka fiber a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka pulping. He maikaʻi ke ʻano o ka pulp i loaʻa, maʻemaʻe a palupalu, maʻalahi ke hoʻokeʻokeʻo, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka pepa kākau kiʻekiʻe a me ka pepa paʻi.
Ma muli o ka wehe ʻana o ka nui o ka lignin, ka lehu a me nā ʻano mea like ʻole i ke kaʻina hana pulping o ke ʻano pulping kemika, haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka pulping o ka pulping ʻohe, ma ke ʻano he 45% ~ 55%.
3. Kemika Mechanical Pulping
ʻO ka Chemical Mechanical Pulping kahi ʻano hana pulping e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻohe ma ke ʻano he mea maka a hoʻohui i kekahi mau ʻano o ka pulping kemika a me ka pulping mechanical. Hoʻokomo pū ka Chemical Mechanical Pulping i ke ʻano semi-kemika, ke ʻano mechanical kemika a me ke ʻano thermomechanical kemika.
No ka hana ʻana i ka ʻohe a me ka hana pepa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōpala kemikala ma mua o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala kemikala, hiki ke piʻi i 72% ~ 75%; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala kemikala ma mua o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala mechanical, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi maʻamau o ka hana ʻana i ka pepa waiwai. I ka manawa like, aia ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻōla alkali a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma waena o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala kemikala a me ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōpala mechanical.
▲Laina Hana Pulping ʻohe
●Nā Lako Hana Pepa Pulp ʻOhe
ʻO nā lako o ka ʻāpana hana o ka laina hana hana pepa pulp ʻohe ua like ia me ka laina hana pulp lāʻau. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui o nā lako hana pepa pulp ʻohe aia i nā ʻāpana hoʻomākaukau e like me ka ʻoki ʻana, ka holoi ʻana a me ka kuke ʻana.
No ka mea, he ʻano hakahaka ko ka ʻohe, ʻokoʻa nā lako ʻokiʻoki mai ka lāʻau. ʻO nā lako ʻokiʻoki ʻohe (flaking) i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me ka ʻoki ʻohe wili, ka ʻoki ʻohe disc a me ka mea ʻoki pahu. Loaʻa i nā ʻoki ʻohe wili a me nā ʻoki ʻohe disc ka pono hana kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana ʻohe i hana ʻia (ʻano ʻāpana ʻohe) e like me nā mea ʻoki pahu. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke koho i nā lako ʻokiʻoki (flaking) kūpono e like me ke kumu o ka pulp ʻohe a me ke kumukūʻai hana. No nā mea kanu pulp ʻohe liʻiliʻi a me waena (output <100,000 t/a), ua lawa nā lako ʻokiʻoki ʻohe kūloko e hoʻokō i nā pono hana; no nā mea kanu pulp ʻohe nui (output ≥100,000 t/a), hiki ke koho ʻia nā lako ʻokiʻoki nui (flaking) holomua o ka honua.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā lako holoi ʻāpana ʻohe e wehe i nā haumia, a ua hōʻike ʻia nā huahana patent he nui ma Kina. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea holoi pulp vacuum, nā mea holoi pulp pressure a me nā mea holoi pulp kāʻei. Hiki i nā ʻoihana waena a me nā ʻoihana nui ke hoʻohana i nā mea holoi pulp kaomi pālua hou a i ʻole nā mea holoi pulp dewatering ikaika.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā lako kuke ʻāpana ʻohe no ka palupalu ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻohe a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kemika. Hoʻohana nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me waena i nā ipu kuke kū pololei a i ʻole nā kukui hoʻomau paipu ākea. Hiki i nā ʻoihana nui ke hoʻohana i nā kuke hoʻomau Camille me ka holoi diffusion e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono hana, a e piʻi pū ka hua pulp, akā e hoʻonui ia i ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka manawa hoʻokahi.
1. He nui ka hiki ke hana i ka pepa pulp ʻohe
Ma muli o ke ana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai ʻohe o Kina a me ka nānā ʻana i ke kūpono o ka ʻohe ponoʻī no ka hana pepa, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ikaika ʻana i ka ʻoihana pulping ʻohe ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu wale i ka pilikia o nā mea maka lāʻau paʻa i ka ʻoihana pepa o Kina, akā he ala kūpono hoʻi e hoʻololi ai i ke ʻano o nā mea maka o ka ʻoihana hana pepa a hōʻemi i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā ʻāpana lāʻau i lawe ʻia mai. Ua kālailai kekahi poʻe akamai he 30% haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o ka pulp ʻohe no kēlā me kēia anakahi ma mua o ka paina, spruce, eucalyptus, a pēlā aku, a ua like ke ʻano o ka pulp ʻohe me ka pulp lāʻau.
2. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka Forest-pepa he kuhikuhi hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi
Ma muli o nā pono ulu wikiwiki a me ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o ka ʻohe, ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka mahi ʻana i nā ululāʻau ʻohe kūikawā e ulu wikiwiki ana a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kahua hana pulp ʻohe e hoʻohui ana i ka ululāʻau a me ka pepa e lilo i kuhikuhi no ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka ʻoihana pulp a me ka hana pepa o Kina, e hōʻemi ana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā ʻāpana lāʻau a me ka pulp i lawe ʻia mai, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana aupuni.
3. Loaʻa i ka cluster bamboo pulping ka hiki ke hoʻomohala nui
I loko o ka ʻoihana hana ʻohe o kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā mea maka i hana ʻia me ka moso bamboo (Phoebe nanmu), ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hale a me nā mea kūkulu. Hoʻohana nui ka hana pepa pulp bamboo i ka moso bamboo (Phoebe nanmu) a me ka cycad bamboo ma ke ʻano he mea maka, kahi e hoʻokumu ai i kahi kūlana hoʻokūkū mea maka a ʻaʻole kūpono i ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka ʻoihana. Ma ke kumu o nā ʻano ʻohe maka e kū nei, pono ka ʻoihana hana pepa pulp bamboo e hoʻomohala ikaika i nā ʻano ʻohe like ʻole no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maka, e hoʻohana pono i ka ʻohe cycad haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, ka ʻohe dragon nui, ka ʻohe huelo phoenix, ka dendrocalamus latiflorus a me nā ʻohe ʻē aʻe e hui pū ana no ka pulping a me ka hana pepa, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokūkū mākeke.
▲Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻohe hui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea pulp koʻikoʻi
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-04-2024
